Introduction to Artificial Intelligence _ Introducción a la inteligencia artificial

Introduction to artificial intelligence

Few topics like artificial intelligence currently occupy the headlines of the general press about news and discoveries that occur at breakneck speed. Very few issues, such as the one at hand, currently arouse the interest of experts and laymen alike in this new stage in which it seems that the future is already here.

But what is artificial intelligence? Or rather, soon it will be easier to answer the question: what is not artificial intelligence?

A description by Google in its ‘Elements of AI’ course refers to the characteristics of autonomy in the sense of executing tasks without user intervention, and adaptability or the improvement of task execution as it learns.

Its applications do not stop growing, from finance to education through commercial processes, transport, health, etc. No field of human activity is left out of this new discipline.

An elementary description of artificial intelligence could be defined as ‘the set of techniques applied to machines with the aim of getting them to adopt behaviors similar to those of the intelligence of human beings.’

The manifestations of intelligence in human beings occur at different levels: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily and kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, emotional, naturalistic, creative, collaborative, existential, etc. In computing, the field of artificial intelligence is responsible for applying some of the processes that take place at the aforementioned levels to the operation of machines, especially computers.

The studies carried out by Alan Turing in the early 1950s on the possibility of creating thinking machines collected in his work ‘Computer Machine and Intelligence’, are considered the starting point for what later John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester and Claude Shannon would baptize it as ‘artificial intelligence’ during the Dartmouth Conference in 1955. To consider that a machine exhibits intelligent behavior, Turing devised the test that bears his name. This consists of the fact that if an individual maintains a conversation with another person and with a…